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T.Y.B.A -Psychology - VI - Ind. & Org.Psychology - Eng University Of mumbai NotesS.Y.B.A. - Psychology Paper - II - Social Psychology (Mar) University of mumbaiS.Y.B.A. Psychology Paper II - Social Psychology (Mar) University of mumbai notesF.Y.B.A. Psychology Paper - I - General Psychology (Mar) - Rev University of mumbaicbse-11-psychology-2015cbse-12-psychology-2015Paper - III - Developmental Psychology (Eng) University of mumbaiPaper - II - Education Psychology (OLD) University of mumbai NotesIII - Developmental Psychology University of mumbaiS.Y.B.A. Education Paper - II - Educational Psychology (Mar) University of mumbai notes
Give a brief account of the evolution of psychology. cbse-11-psychology-2015
Give a brief account of the evolution of psychology.
The initial approach to study psychology was based on introspection or structuralism in which the individuals were asked to describe their experiences.
It was followed by functionalism that studied the working of the mind and the impact of behaviour upon people's interaction with their environment.
Gestalt psychology emerged as a reaction to structuralism in the early 20th century and focused on the organisation of the perceptual experiences.
Another reaction was the development of behaviourism that studied behaviour or responses in a measurable and objective form.
This was followed by psychoanalysis of Sigmund Freud that viewed human behaviour as a dynamic manifestation of unconscious desires, conflicts and their gratification.
In contrast, the humanistic perspective emphasised the free will of human beings and their natural striving to grow and unfold their inner potential.
Further, Cognitive perspective was a combination of Gestalt approach and structuralism and focused on how an individual perceived the world.
Later, Constructivism viewed human beings as actively constructing their minds through the exploration of physical and the social world.
It was followed by Vygotsky's view that human mind develops through social and cultural processes in which the mind is perceived as culturally constructed by joint interaction between children and adults.
Therefore, the evolution of psychology passed through various stages and levels. Starting from the roots of philosophy, it took a new direction and included numerous theories of structuralism, functionalism, behaviourism, constructivism, etc. However, in contemporary era the discipline of psychology has grown into a scientific discipline, which deals with various processes underlying human experiences and behaviours.
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